| Rose Prints
For Les Roses, Pierre-Joseph Redouté created images devoted to
the Empress Josephine's favorite flower. These plates described almost all
of the important roses known to botany. Included are many of the key
ancestors of our present-day flowers. The plates of Les Roses constitute
an important work of both botanical art and natural history, documenting
the species and cultivars still surviving, as well as those that have
disappeared. |
| Pierre-Joseph
Redouté is unquestionably the most widely known of all flower
painters. His celebrity has spread through almost two thousand different
engravings of his original watercolors. He was born in the Belgian
Ardennes in 1759, but achieved his fame when he perfected the stipple
engraving style and became the drawing master of the French empresses and
queens. In 1827, after completing his two masterpieces Les Liliacées
and Les Roses, Redouté created an anthology of his work. Intended
as a personal selection of his finest botanical illustrations, Choix
des Plus Belles Fleurs also stands as a testament to Redouté’s
brilliant artistic talent.
The flowers depicted in Choix des Plus Belles Fleurs - among
them roses, irises, amaryllises, auriculas and marigolds - were grown in
the Malmaison gardens of the Empress Josephine in Reuill. Her patronage
and support mark the most successful phase in Redouté’s career. She was
an enthusiastic collector of rare plants and engaged Redouté as an
"artist-in-residence" at Malmaison. It was there that he made
the original drawings for Les Liliacées and Les Roses.
The success of Redouté’s engravings depends to a large extent on his
technique. Redouté used a method called stipple engraving; unlike line
engraving, stipple involves the careful and exacting engraving of minute
dots on the copper plate, their density varied to convey subtle
differences in tone and shading. Redouté also used line engraving to
indicate veining, contours and highlights.
The
engraved plate was then "painted" with the necessary colors, and
the ink adhered to each of the dots. Afterwards, details and nuances were
added by hand watercolor pigments. After printing, each plate would be
thoroughly cleaned and the process repeated for another copy. It should be
emphasized that, unlike our modern color printing techniques, what Redouté
was attempting to achieve was not a more efficient and less expensive form
of illustration; his color-printed plates resulted from probably the most
complex reproduction methods possible. Rather, he was aiming to create
illustrations with the qualities of luminosity, sheen and dimensionality,
which were so strongly evident in his original watercolor paintings on
vellum. |
|
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